alopecia

noun

al·​o·​pe·​cia ˌa-lə-ˈpē-sh(ē-)ə 

: loss of hair, wool, or feathers

alopecic

ˌa-lə-ˈpē-sik 

adjective

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What is the origin of alopecia?

Doctors use "alopecia" to refer to various forms of hair loss, including "alopecia areata," a sudden loss of hair in patches that involves little or no inflammation. It may surprise you to learn that the word ultimately derives from "alōpēx," the Greek word for "fox," but the connection makes sense if you think of a fox who is afflicted with mange, a disease with symptoms that include, among other things, loss of hair. Middle English speakers borrowed the Latin word alopecia, which comes from "alōpekia," a Greek term that can be translated as "mange on foxes."

Examples of alopecia in a Sentence

Recent Examples on the Web

Aging and issues such as alopecia (condition causing hair loss) or adrenal disease can cause the loss or thinning of pubic hair.17 Discharge All vaginas produce fluids for lubrication. —Anna Giorgi, Verywell Health, 13 Sep. 2024

The study specifically focused on men with androgenetic alopecia (pattern baldness), the most common type of hair loss that impacts more than 80 million Americans. —Rina Raphael, SELF, 26 June 2024

According to the doctor, stress can definitely be a culprit—but gray hair actually comes down to genetics as well as certain diseases like vitiligo, vitamin B12 deficiency, alopecia areata. —Laura Solla, Vogue, 1 Jan. 2025

One major symptom of biotin deficiency is alopecia (hair loss). —April Benshosan, Glamour, 18 Dec. 2024

Word History

Etymology

Middle English allopicia, allopucia "hair loss," borrowed from Medieval Latin allōpicia, allōpitia "baldness, mange," going back to Latin alōpecia "bald patch on the head (from a skin disease)," borrowed from Greek alōpekía "bald spot" (Aristotle), "disease causing hair loss" (Galen), original sense perhaps "sarcoptic mange (affecting foxes and other canids)," from alōpek-, alṓpēx "fox" + -ia -ia entry 1; alṓpēx probably going back to dialectal Indo-European *h₂lōpeḱ-/*h₂lōpēḱ- "small canid, fox" (whence, besides Greek, Armenian ałuēs "fox") and *h₂leupēḱ- or *h₂loupēḱ- (whence Sanskrit lopāśáḥ "small canid [as a jackal or fox]," Middle Persian rōpās, rōpāh "fox," Khotanese rrūvāsa- "jackal," Ossetic (Iron dialect) rubas, ruvas "fox")

Note: An initial element *(h₂)lop-, close to the Greek, Armenian, and Indo-Iranian forms but with a short o, is apparently reflected in Celtic *lop-erno-, whence Old Welsh leuyrn, leuirn "foxes" (from *lou̯ern-ī with vowel affection; cf. Modern Welsh llewyrn, tân llewyrn "foxfire"), Breton louarn "fox," and Lithuanian lãpė "fox," Latvian lapsa. The long o in alṓpēx could perhaps be taken as a reflection of an original nominative *h₂lōp-s, but the diphthong in the Indo-Iranian etymon remains unexplained. The element *(h₂)lop- has been compared with *u̯l̥p- "small carnivore" proposed as the source of Latin vulpēs, volpēs "fox" (see vulpine), Lithuanian vilpišỹs "wildcat" and other words, but no unifying etymon can be readily reconstructed. If related, the set of "fox" forms are perhaps traces of a non-Indo-European Wanderwort acquired by Indo-European branches at different times and places.

First Known Use

14th century, in the meaning defined above

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Medical Definition

alopecia

noun

al·​o·​pe·​cia ˌal-ə-ˈpē-sh(ē-)ə 

: partial or complete loss of hair, wool, or feathers : baldness

alopecic

-ˈpē-sik 

adjective