penetrate

verb

pen·​e·​trate ˈpe-nə-ˌtrāt 

penetrated; penetrating

transitive verb

1

a

: to pass into or through

this route … penetrates the leading resort and lake areas

—American Guide Series: Minnesota

Only a dirt road penetrates the rough, wooded terrain.

b

: to enter by overcoming resistance : pierce

This bullet can penetrate armor.

c

: to gain entrance to

an apartment that I now penetrated for the first time

—Osbert Lancaster

2

a

: to see into or through

their keen eyes can penetrate the water to a depth of … forty feet

—L. K. Porritt

b

: to discover the inner contents or meaning of

a scientific secret which will eventually be penetrated by other countries

—Vera M. Dean

3

: to affect profoundly with feeling

men may still be penetrated with awe by the divine righteousness

—R. W. Dale

4

: to diffuse through or into

the cold began to penetrate his bones

—E. K. Gann

intransitive verb

1

a

: to pass, extend, pierce, or diffuse into or through something

fishes … which enter tidal rivers and penetrate almost to fresh water

—J. L. B. Smith

b

: to pierce something with the eye or mind

strained his eyes to penetrate beyond the thick cloud of dust

insight that penetrates to the very heart of some … problem

—W. F. Hambly

2

: to affect deeply the senses or feelings

the suggestion might penetrate deeply enough … to make her a good deal more wary

—H. A. Overstreet

Synonyms

• access
• enter
• pierce

Choose the Right Synonym for penetrate

enter, penetrate, pierce, probe mean to make way into something.

enter is the most general of these and may imply either going in or forcing a way in.

entered the city in triumph

penetrate carries a strong implication of an impelling force or compelling power that achieves entrance.

the enemy penetrated the fortress

pierce means an entering or cutting through with a sharp pointed instrument.

pierced the boil with a lancet

probe implies penetration to investigate or explore something hidden from sight or knowledge.

probed the depths of the sea

Examples of penetrate in a Sentence

These bullets can penetrate armor.

radiation penetrating the Earth's atmosphere

The bullet failed to penetrate.

The heat penetrated through the wall.

The roots of these plants have been known to penetrate to a depth of more than 15 feet.

My car's headlights couldn't penetrate the dense fog.

Recent Examples on the Web

When transiting this Mutable sign, the messenger planet is ready to come up for air (especially after penetrating through the surface in Scorpio) and jump headfirst into a world of new ideas and boundless possibilities. —Valerie Mesa, People.com, 2 Nov. 2024

Another theory posits that the wiggling of Alfvén waves, oscillations in the Sun’s magnetic field that penetrate into the corona and turn back on themselves, can also inject energy into the solar wind. —Byhannah Richter, science.org, 31 Oct. 2024

Ukrainian forces penetrated Russian defenses in August and seized a swath of Russian territory in the Kursk region — a gambit seen by many as a blow to Putin’s prestige. —Matthew Bodner, NBC News, 30 Oct. 2024

Nothing could penetrate this wall of coverage, no story important enough to push it out of headlines, no development so surprising that. —Bill Goodykoontz, The Arizona Republic, 29 Oct. 2024

Word History

Etymology

Latin penetratus, past participle of penetrare, from penitus deep within, far; akin to Latin penus provisions

First Known Use

circa 1530, in the meaning defined at transitive sense 1a

Phrases Containing penetrate

• penetrate someone's disguise

Kids Definition

penetrate

verb

pen·​e·​trate ˈpen-ə-ˌtrāt 

penetrated; penetrating

1

a

: to pass into or through

b

: to enter by piercing

2

: to come to understand

3

: to move deeply

Medical Definition

penetrate

verb

pen·​e·​trate ˈpen-ə-ˌtrāt 

penetrated; penetrating

transitive verb

1

: to pass into or through

enzymes that help the sperm penetrate the zona pellucida

—Anna Maria Gillis

2

: to insert the penis into the vagina of in copulation

intransitive verb

: to pass, extend, pierce, or diffuse into or through something

penetrating percutaneous nephroscopy or ureteroscopy

—R. A. Riehle et al.