proper

1 of 3

adjective

prop·​er ˈprä-pər 

1

a

: referring to one individual only

b

: belonging to one : own

c

: appointed for the liturgy of a particular day

d

: represented heraldically in natural color

2

: belonging characteristically to a species or individual : peculiar

3

chiefly dialectal : good-looking, handsome

4

: very good : excellent

5

chiefly British : utter, absolute

6

: strictly limited to a specified thing, place, or idea

the city proper

7

a

: strictly accurate : correct

b

archaic : virtuous, respectable

c

: strictly decorous : genteel

8

: marked by suitability, rightness, or appropriateness : fit

9

: being a mathematical subset (such as a subgroup) that does not contain all the elements of the inclusive set from which it is derived

properness noun

proper

2 of 3

noun

1

: the parts of the Mass that vary according to the liturgical calendar

2

: the part of a missal or breviary containing the proper of the Mass and the offices proper to the holy days of the liturgical year

proper

3 of 3

adverb

chiefly dialectal

: in a thorough manner : completely

Synonyms

Adjective

• befitting
• correct
• decent
• decorous
• de rigueur
• genteel
• nice
• polite
• respectable
• seemly

Choose the Right Synonym for proper

fit, suitable, meet, proper, appropriate, fitting, apt, happy, felicitous mean right with respect to some end, need, use, or circumstance.

fit stresses adaptability and sometimes special readiness for use or action.

fit for battle

suitable implies an answering to requirements or demands.

clothes suitable for camping

meet suggests a just proportioning.

meet payment

proper suggests a suitability through essential nature or accordance with custom.

proper acknowledgement

appropriate implies eminent or distinctive fitness.

an appropriate gift

fitting implies harmony of mood or tone.

a fitting end

apt connotes a fitness marked by nicety and discrimination.

apt quotations

happy suggests what is effectively or successfully appropriate.

a happy choice of words

felicitous suggests an aptness that is opportune, telling, or graceful.

a felicitous phrase

Examples of proper in a Sentence

Adjective

It is not proper to speak that way.

The children need to learn proper behavior.

It would not be proper for you to borrow the ladder without asking first.

She is a very prim and proper young lady.

Is this the proper spelling of your name?

You need to eat a proper meal instead of junk food.

Each step must be done in the proper order.

Adverb

They beat us good and proper.

Recent Examples on the Web

Adjective

In 1867, the Fayetteville National Cemetery in Fayetteville was established by the federal government to be used for proper burial of Union soldiers of the Civil War who died in the Arkansas campaigns. —arkansasonline.com, 14 Sep. 2024

Congressional lawmakers have proposed various ways to give workers nationwide proper time to vote. —Annabella Rosciglione, Washington Examiner - Political News and Conservative Analysis About Congress, the President, and the Federal Government, 14 Sep. 2024

Noun

What to Consider Not technically located in Oaxaca proper, this property is an hour’s drive outside the city and requires a car to visit. —Austa Somvichian-Clausen, Travel + Leisure, 18 Sep. 2024

Limiting Light Pollution’s Damaging Effects Overall, the findings here support previous research, and age-old wisdom, showing that a proper’s night rest is a key to health. —Don Rauf, EverydayHealth.com, 6 Sep. 2024

Adverb

His refusal to recognize Israel as a Jewish state or to drop his demand for the right of return for Palestinian refugees into Israel proper made clear that the conflict is not about to be resolved. —Daniel Gordis, Foreign Affairs, 17 Oct. 2011

Phoenix proper gets only about one-third of its water from the Colorado River. —Daniel Rothberg, Smithsonian Magazine, 26 Mar. 2024

Word History

Etymology

Adjective

Middle English propre proper, own, from Anglo-French, from Latin proprius own

First Known Use

Adjective

14th century, in the meaning defined at sense 1a

Noun

15th century, in the meaning defined at sense 1

Adverb

15th century, in the meaning defined above

Phrases Containing proper

• proper adjective
• proper fraction
• proper noun
• proper to

Kids Definition

proper

adjective

prop·​er

ˈpräp-ər

1

: belonging naturally to something : special

diseases proper to the tropics

2

: considered without surrounding places, things, or events

lived outside the city proper

3

a

: strictly accurate : correct

the proper way to pronounce the word

b

: obeying social rules : appropriate

the proper way to address the mayor

4

: suitable because of an essential nature or condition

proper lighting to work by

properness noun

Legal Definition

proper

adjective

prop·​er

: marked by fitness or correctness

especially : being in accordance with established procedure, law, jurisdiction, or standards of care, fairness, and justice

argued that the shareholder was acting in bad faith and lacked a proper purpose for examining its records

properly adverb