iris

1 of 3

noun (1)

plural irises also irides ˈī-rə-ˌdēz How to pronounce iris (audio)
ˈir-ə-
1
a
: the opaque contractile diaphragm perforated by the pupil and forming the colored portion of the eye see eye illustration
b
: iris diaphragm
also : a similar device with a circular opening that can be varied in size
2
also plural iris : any of a large genus (Iris of the family Iridaceae, the iris family) of perennial herbaceous plants with linear usually basal leaves and large showy flowers
3

Illustration of iris

Illustration of iris
  • iris 2

iris

2 of 3

verb

irised; irising; irises

transitive verb

: to make iridescent

Iris

3 of 3

noun (2)

: the Greek goddess of the rainbow and a messenger of the gods

Examples of iris in a Sentence

Recent Examples on the Web
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Noun
Good to know The iris, or giglio, has been the symbol of Florence since the 11th century. Robert Johnston, theweek, 11 Oct. 2024 The sequences out of The Perfect Stranger all begin and end with an iris shot, and the sky in most of the outdoor scenes is bathed in light so artificial-looking, some of it is practically a watercolor painting(*). Alan Sepinwall, Rolling Stone, 7 Oct. 2024 In a healthy eye, excess aqueous humor exits through the trabecular meshwork, which are canals located between your iris (the colored part of the eye) and cornea (the clear outer portion). Mark Gurarie, Health, 3 Oct. 2024 That’s exactly what this perfume captures, with the city that never sleeps as its muse, told through notes of pineapple glow, magenta dianthus, iris, twilight, tobacco and black amber. Celia Shatzman, Forbes, 23 Sep. 2024 See all Example Sentences for iris 

Word History

Etymology

Noun (1)

Middle English, "iris of the eye, the plant Iris germanica," borrowed from Latin īrid-, īris "rainbow, the plant Iris pallida or related species," borrowed from Greek īrid-, îris "rainbow, iridescent halo around the moon, a flame, etc., iris of the eye, the plant Iris pallida or related species," going back to *wīrid-, *wīris, of uncertain origin

Note: Traditionally, Greek îris "rainbow" (for which an original digamma [letter representing the sound w] is assured by an inscription from Corinth and the metrics of epic poetry) has been regarded as a derivative of Indo-European *u̯ei̯H- "plait, wrap," parallel to Germanic *wīr- (see wire entry 1). However, the variant éris recorded by the Greek lexicographer Hesychius, as well as the dubious character of *wīrid- as an Indo-European formation (< *u̯ih1-r-i-?) has drawn this etymology into question. Perhaps a substratal word.

Noun (2)

Latin, from Greek

First Known Use

Noun (1)

15th century, in the meaning defined at sense 3

Verb

1816, in the meaning defined above

Noun (2)

15th century, in the meaning defined above

Time Traveler
The first known use of iris was in the 15th century

Dictionary Entries Near iris

Cite this Entry

“Iris.” Merriam-Webster.com Dictionary, Merriam-Webster, https://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/iris. Accessed 5 Nov. 2024.

Kids Definition

iris

noun
ˈī-rəs
plural irises
-rə-səz
or irides
ˈī-rə-ˌdēz,
ˈir-ə-
1
: the colored part around the pupil of the eye that changes in size to control the amount of light entering the pupil
2
also plural iris : any of a large genus of plants with long pointed leaves and large usually brightly colored flowers
3

Medical Definition

iris

noun
plural irises or irides ˈī-rə-ˌdēz How to pronounce iris (audio) ˈir-ə- How to pronounce iris (audio)
1
: the opaque muscular contractile diaphragm that is suspended in the aqueous humor in front of the lens of the eye, is perforated by the pupil and is continuous peripherally with the ciliary body, has a deeply pigmented posterior surface which excludes the entrance of light except through the pupil and a colored anterior surface which determines the color of the eyes
2

More from Merriam-Webster on iris

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