absolve

verb

ab·​solve əb-ˈzälv  -ˈsälv 

-ˈzȯlv,

-ˈsȯlv,

 also without  l

absolved; absolving

transitive verb

1

formal : to set (someone) free from an obligation or the consequences of guilt

The jury absolved the defendants of their crimes.

Her youth does not absolve her of responsibility for her actions.

2

formal : to pardon or forgive (a sin) : to remit (a sin) by absolution

asked the priest to absolve his sins

absolver noun formal

Did you know?

The act of absolving can be seen as releasing someone from blame or sin, or "loosening" the hold that responsibility or guilt has on a person, which provides a hint about the word's origins. Absolve was adopted into Middle English in the 15th century from the Latin verb absolvere ("to release, acquit, finish, complete"), formed by combining the prefix ab- ("from, away, off") with solvere, meaning "to loosen." Absolve also once had additional senses of "to finish or accomplish" and "to resolve or explain," but these are now obsolete. Solvere is also the ancestor of the English words solve, dissolve, resolve, solvent, and solution.

Synonyms

• acquit
• clear
• exculpate
• exonerate
• vindicate

Choose the Right Synonym for absolve

exculpate, absolve, exonerate, acquit, vindicate mean to free from a charge.

exculpate implies a clearing from blame or fault often in a matter of small importance.

exculpating himself from the charge of overenthusiasm

absolve implies a release either from an obligation that binds the conscience or from the consequences of disobeying the law or committing a sin.

cannot be absolved of blame

exonerate implies a complete clearance from an accusation or charge and from any attendant suspicion of blame or guilt.

exonerated by the investigation

acquit implies a formal decision in one's favor with respect to a definite charge.

voted to acquit the defendant

vindicate may refer to things as well as persons that have been subjected to critical attack or imputation of guilt, weakness, or folly, and implies a clearing effected by proving the unfairness of such criticism or blame.

her judgment was vindicated

Examples of absolve in a Sentence

no amount of remorse will absolve shoplifters who are caught, and all cases will be prosecuted to the full extent of the law

Recent Examples on the Web

For Alberdi, absolving the female killers of their crimes had sexist implications. —Carlos Aguilar, IndieWire, 10 Dec. 2024

Lim Myeong-pan, 55, told AFP that Yoon’s decision to rescind martial law did not absolve him of wrongdoing. —Alexa Mikhail, Fortune Asia, 4 Dec. 2024

While Gerry can absolve himself of his wartime actions, Brendan, Dolours, and others like them are left to shoulder the responsibility for all the casualties. —Rafaela Bassili, Vulture, 14 Nov. 2024

But this should not absolve corporate leaders from acting ethically. —Michael Posner, Forbes, 21 Nov. 2024

Word History

Etymology

Middle English absolven, borrowed from Latin absolvere "to release, acquit, finish, complete," from ab- ab- + solvere "to loosen, release" — more at solve

First Known Use

15th century, in the meaning defined at sense 1

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Kids Definition

absolve

verb

ab·​solve əb-ˈzälv  -ˈsälv 

-ˈzȯlv,

-ˈsȯlv

absolved; absolving

formal

: to set free from an obligation or punishment

absolver noun

Legal Definition

absolve

transitive verb

ab·​solve əb-ˈzälv, -ˈsälv 

absolved; absolving

1

: to set free or release from some obligation or responsibility

a judgment terminating a parent's rights…absolves that parent of all future support obligations

—In re Bruce R., 662 A.2d 107 (1995)

2

: to determine to be free of fault, guilt, or liability

a jury absolved the defendant of any negligence

—Harbaugh v. Darr, 438 P.2d 74 (1968)