congenital

adjective

con·​gen·​i·​tal kən-ˈje-nə-tᵊl 

kän-

1

a

: existing at or dating from birth

congenital deafness

… a congenital neuromuscular disease that stiffens joints and weakens muscles.

—Lara Cerri

… scientists hope to also understand more common malformations that are congenital but not inherited.

—Lee Siegel

The skin markings are a benign congenital developmental condition and, on palpation, feel no different to normal skin.

—Elizabeth Symes

b

: constituting an essential characteristic : inherent

A congenital taste for Greco-Roman themes, which had once found expression in his own paintings, now took the form of a pronounced weakness for buying up statuettes and medallions depicting gods and heroes of classical times.

—Anthony Powell

At each roll, the ship favored its congenital list, easing farther and farther toward that soft starboard side …

—Robert Stone

c

: acquired during development in the uterus and not through heredity

Antiparasitic treatment is recommended in acute or congenital infection, in children with chronic infection, and in immunosuppressed patients.

—Eric M. Isselbacher et al.

PCBs pass through the placenta, cause congenital poisoning, and remain in human tissues for long intervals.

—Scientific American Medicine Bulletin

2

: being such by nature

a congenital liar

The truth was that Ward was a congenital name-dropper and snob who—though he was undoubtedly treated unfairly—largely brought his troubles upon himself.

—Anthony Howard

congenitally

kən-ˈje-nə-tᵊl-ē 

kän-

adverb

congenitally deaf

Gwynn, who seems congenitally incapable of a frown, didn't mention the matter until I brought it up.

—Roger Angell

Synonyms

• born
• natural

Choose the Right Synonym for congenital

innate, inborn, inbred, congenital, hereditary mean not acquired after birth.

innate applies to qualities or characteristics that are part of one's inner essential nature.

an innate sense of fair play

inborn suggests a quality or tendency either actually present at birth or so marked and deep-seated as to seem so.

her inborn love of nature

inbred suggests something either acquired from parents by heredity or so deeply rooted and ingrained as to seem acquired in that way.

inbred political loyalties

congenital and hereditary refer to what is acquired before or at birth, the former to things acquired during fetal development and the latter to things transmitted from one's ancestors.

a congenital heart murmur

eye color is hereditary

Examples of congenital in a Sentence

The irregularity in my backbone is probably congenital.

a congenital liar who couldn't speak the truth if his life depended on it

Recent Examples on the Web

In Season Two, Brooklynn is authentically voiced by actress, music artist and model Kiersten Kelly who was born with a congenital limb difference with her right arm missing below the elbow. —Gus Alexiou, Forbes, 17 Oct. 2024

Care for congenital heart defects has advanced over the years, and the future looks even brighter. —Mark Gurarie, Verywell Health, 18 Sep. 2024

Later infection can lead to congenital health problems for the baby, including intellectual disability, seizures, blindness and more. —Mustafa Fattah, NBC News, 17 Oct. 2024

Republicans, however, suffer from an inverse affliction, a form of congenital overconfidence that comes straight from the leader who has reinvented the G.O.P. in his braggadocious image. —Susan B. Glasser, The New Yorker, 10 Oct. 2024

Word History

Etymology

Latin congenitus, from com- + genitus, past participle of gignere to bring forth — more at kin

First Known Use

1796, in the meaning defined at sense 1a

Phrases Containing congenital

• congenital adrenal hyperplasia

Kids Definition

congenital

adjective

con·​gen·​i·​tal kən-ˈjen-ə-tᵊl 

: existing at or dating from birth

congenital heart disease

Medical Definition

congenital

adjective

con·​gen·​i·​tal kän-ˈjen-ə-tᵊl 

1

: existing at or dating from birth

congenital deafness

congenital heart disease

2

: acquired during development in the uterus and not through heredity

Our study primarily aimed to find out the birth prevalence of congenital toxoplasma infection in live neonates …

—Morten Lebech et al., The Lancet

compare acquired sense 1, familial, hereditary

congenitally

-tᵊl-ē 

adverb

congenitally deaf

a congenitally faulty heart valve