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Synonym Chooser

How does the adjective willful differ from other similar words?

Some common synonyms of willful are headstrong, intractable, recalcitrant, refractory, ungovernable, and unruly. While all these words mean "not submissive to government or control," willful implies an obstinate determination to have one's own way.

a willful disregard for the rights of others

When can headstrong be used instead of willful?

Although the words headstrong and willful have much in common, headstrong suggests self-will impatient of restraint, advice, or suggestion.

a headstrong young cavalry officer

When would intractable be a good substitute for willful?

The words intractable and willful are synonyms, but do differ in nuance. Specifically, intractable suggests stubborn resistance to guidance or control.

intractable opponents of the hazardous-waste dump

When is recalcitrant a more appropriate choice than willful?

While in some cases nearly identical to willful, recalcitrant suggests determined resistance to or defiance of authority.

acts of sabotage by a recalcitrant populace

Where would refractory be a reasonable alternative to willful?

While the synonyms refractory and willful are close in meaning, refractory stresses resistance to attempts to manage or to mold.

special schools for refractory children

When is it sensible to use ungovernable instead of willful?

The synonyms ungovernable and willful are sometimes interchangeable, but ungovernable implies either an escape from control or guidance or a state of being unsubdued and incapable of controlling oneself or being controlled by others.

ungovernable rage

When might unruly be a better fit than willful?

In some situations, the words unruly and willful are roughly equivalent. However, unruly implies lack of discipline or incapacity for discipline and often connotes waywardness or turbulence of behavior.

unruly children

Example Sentences

Examples are automatically compiled from online sources to show current usage. Read More Opinions expressed in the examples do not represent those of Merriam-Webster or its editors. Send us feedback.
Recent Examples of willful Each claim can be worth up to $30,000 per work and, with willful infringement, $150,000 per work. Michael McCann, Sportico.com, 20 Feb. 2025 That case related to his willful failure to comply with subpoenas demanding his testimony and records by the House select committee that was investigating the Jan. 6, 2021, riot at the U.S. Capitol by supporters of Trump. Adam Reiss,dan Mangan, CNBC, 11 Feb. 2025 Gotthard gave Elizabeth the task of controlling the spoiled, willful, and lazy child. Mara Bovsun, New York Daily News, 9 Feb. 2025 While the record number of willful, malicious or accidental deaths by firearms peaked in 2021, numbers in 2023 remain higher than averages from nearly 10 years ago. Graham P. Johnson, Twin Cities, 7 Feb. 2025 See All Example Sentences for willful
Recent Examples of Synonyms for willful
Adjective
  • Boon will play Eddie Harrigan, Kevin’s rebellious son.
    Ethan Shanfeld, Variety, 26 Feb. 2025
  • In addition, parents who are too strict might even end up with kids who are extra rebellious.
    Taylor Grothe, Parents, 26 Feb. 2025
Adjective
  • The most dramatic case study occurred this week, when Trump signed two executive orders instituting a tariff regime on goods entering the United States from Canada and Mexico in response to what the White House argues is an uncontrollable scourge of migrants and drugs coming from those countries.
    Daniel DePetris, Chicago Tribune, 6 Feb. 2025
  • These high winds, combined with low humidity, have created a significant fire weather risk, with forecasters warning that any ignition could lead to fast-growing, uncontrollable fires.
    Hannah Parry, Newsweek, 7 Jan. 2025
Adjective
  • According to Packer, several surefire ways to ensure success start here: Be arrogant!
    Dominique Fluker, Essence, 17 Feb. 2025
  • In 1254, King Edward I and Queen Eleanor of Castile were married at a very young age, and although Edward had a reputation for being arrogant and quarrelsome, the pair eventually fell deeply in love.
    Gulnaz Khan, AFAR Media, 13 Feb. 2025
Adjective
  • This condition is what philosopher Charles Mills, speaking of the American context, labeled epistemological ignorance—a deliberate unknowing, an insistence on the myth of white superiority, of white exceptionalism.
    Christine Winter, Artforum, 1 Mar. 2025
  • The site of bitter urban fighting for much of last year, including the deliberate demolition of towering highrises by both sides, Toretsk—or what was left of it—fell to Russian forces in early February.
    David Axe, Forbes, 1 Mar. 2025
Adjective
  • Still facing a stubborn staffing crunch, the New York City Department of Correction will require officers to work mandatory 12-hour tours in a number of city jails, a move immediately criticized by their union.
    Graham Rayman, New York Daily News, 21 Feb. 2025
  • Fiscal and monetary policy are walking a tightrope between weak real growth and stubborn inflation.
    William Pesek, Forbes, 21 Feb. 2025
Adjective
  • That’s a defiant stance for a horror movie to take.
    David Sims, The Atlantic, 21 Feb. 2025
  • Pierce answered all of them in resounding, almost defiant, fashion.
    James Boyd, The Athletic, 20 Feb. 2025
Adjective
  • Water signs may relate closely to wise and opinionated Owl while Earth signs may relate to the reserved and — sometimes gloomy — Eeyore.
    Athena Sobhan, People.com, 18 Jan. 2025
  • Finebaum, a former newspaper columnist who moved to Charlotte in 2013, is its opinionated star.
    Scott Fowler, Charlotte Observer, 16 Jan. 2025
Adjective
  • Anyone who’s ever thrown a pitch or swung a bat knows that the umpire decides in the end — and those decisions have felt arbitrary and highly personal at times.
    Keith O'Brien, Rolling Stone, 23 Feb. 2025
  • Misinformation surrounding the new law has led to a resurgence of the narrative that white South Africans—especially farmers—are facing an orchestrated campaign of genocide through arbitrary land grabs.
    Josh Hammer, Newsweek, 14 Feb. 2025

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Cite this Entry

“Willful.” Merriam-Webster.com Thesaurus, Merriam-Webster, https://www.merriam-webster.com/thesaurus/willful. Accessed 4 Mar. 2025.

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